(2)-Basic GD&T (Interview Questions)

Q1- How will you define GD&T?
Ans- GD&T is Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing.
        Methods of showing tolerences using symbols.
        it is engineering communication tool using symbols.
        GD&T ensures repeatability and interchangeability.

Q2-How will you classify GD&T According to geometry?

Ans- There are five classes according to function of the geometry-

1-Form of geometry-
    A- Flatness      B- Straightness   C- Cylindercity   D- Circularity

2- Orientation of geometry-

    A-Parallelism     B- Perpendicularity    C- Angularity

3-Profile of geometry-

    A-Profile of a line          B-Profile of a surface

4- Control of run out-

    A- circular runout          B- Total Runout

5-Location of geometry-

   A-Position           B- Symmetry    C-Concentricity

Q3- Differentiate b/w Flatness and straightness?

Ans- When cylindrical geometry of shaft subjected to twist or bend,it looses it's straightness. in below setup when dial indicator moved along the shaft, it will show whether the straightness is within tolerance or has deviated. the shaft is not revolving while measurement.

and flatness is straightness of plane profile at each and every point on the surface.

Q4- Differentiate b/w circularity and cylindercity?
Ans- Circularity is about roundness of tapered, concave or convex profile at particular section cylindercity of constant diameter cykunder along the length.
the dial indicator attached to a fixture with high precision revolves along the round profile to examine the roundness. in cylendercity it moves alongthe length while revolving to measure the roundness.



Q5- What do you mean by Reference Dimension?
Ans-     Symbol for Reference Dimension   (XX)
         XX- Value of Dimension.    Ex- (40)
       Reference dimension usually without tolerence, used for information purposes only. it does not givern production or inspection operations.

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(1)-Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) Symbol and it's Means

Here we have some important symbol which we used in gd and t. 

             
                          

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Difference between H and I Type Beams/Section/Channel

Both (I Beam & H Beam) looks quite similar that makes it confusing to many who is not concered about the differences between h-beam and i beam. Lets discuss about these two structural members.

H- Beam

H-beam is a structural beam made of rolled steel. It is incredibly strong. It gets its name because it looks like a capital H over its cross section. The H-beam has wider flanges than an I-beam, but the I-beam has tapered edges. The width is the flange, and the height is the Web. The difference between both H-beams and I-beams is the flange by web ratio. The H-beam tends to be heavier than the I-beam, and that is why some say that it is better than the I-beam, but that is subjective, as the H-beam is generally heavier.

I-Beam

I-beam has tapered edge where an H-beam does not. It gets its name from the fact that it looks like a capital I when you see it from its cross section. With an I-beam, the height of the cross section is higher than the width of its flange.
The I-Beam is Lighter than the H-beam, which means a H-beam is not always ideal.

The thickness of the center web is what is the most important, as that is what takes the force of the weight placed upon it, and that is why a lot of buildings require a H-beam over an I-beam. An I-beam is made by rolling or milling steel which means the I-beam is often limited by the capacity or size of the milling equipment. H-beams are built up; so they are able to be made at any size or width.

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Difference between I-beam and H-beam

It does seem that the H-beam is the better beam. But that is not always the case as it does depend on the use of the beam and the building/structure you are planning to put it into. Here is a closer H-beam vs I-beam comparison of the two beams.

H-beam	I-beam
An H-beam has a thicker center web, which means it is often stronger.	An I-beam often has a thinner center web, which means it is often not able to take as much force as a H-beam.
An H-beam may be built up, meaning it can be built up to any size or height.	An I-beam may only be built up as much as the manufacturers milling equipment allows.
The H-beam is often a lot heavier than the I-beam, which means it can take more force.	The I-beam is often lighter, but this is desirable in some buildings where weight and force on a wall may pose a structural issue.
The manufacture process means that H-beams can be used for spans up to 330 feet.	An I-beam may be used for spans of between 33 and 100 feet. Longer I-beams are not often an option as they are tough to manufacture.
The H-beam has a bevel where three pieces of metal come together and look like one piece of metal.	An I-beam is just one piece of metal throughout and is not made by welding or riveting sheets of metal together.
H-beams have top and bottom flanges that stick out further from the web than the flanges on I-beams.	I-beams have top and bottom flanges, and they are shorter and are not as wide as H-beams.

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